Do Angel Sharks Attack Humans?

Angel sharks (Squatina squatina) are fascinating creatures that belong to the family of sharks known for their unique flattened bodies, which resemble that of rays.

Introduction

While diving off the Atlantic coast of France near Biarritz in 1983, I had the rare opportunity to witness these animals up close during a diving expedition. Regular encounters with these sharks at a length of around 2.20 meters, however, revealed a characteristic of their behavior that my initial close encounter did not capture - aggression. This adds a layer of complexity to the interactions that humans can have with these sharks, as it marks a distinction between the peaceful brief encounter and more aggressive encounters that have led to fatalities in other instances.

Understanding Angel Sharks

Angel sharks are known for their distinct appearance, with broad, flat bodies, and snouts that resemble the wings of an angel, giving rise to their name. These sharks are found in the coastal waters of the Atlantic and Mediterranean, as well as parts of the Pacific Ocean. They are widely regarded as shy and docile, but their aggressive behavior during feeding can sometimes be mistaken for an attack on a human.

Behavior and Aggression

One of the most significant aspects of angel shark behavior is their feeding habits. Unlike many other shark species, angel sharks bury themselves in the sand to ambush and catch their prey. This behavior can sometimes lead to a mistaken perception of aggression, as the shark may not immediately recognize a human as prey but may still react out of fear or confusion. During my diving expedition, the sharks we encountered were indeed very aggressive, but it is important to note that aggression is not the norm for this species.

Historical Incidents and Lessons Learned

While angel sharks do not typically pose a significant threat to humans, incidents involving fatalities or injuries do exist. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, there were several documented instances where angel sharks had killed or severely injured divers. These incidents continued into the 1980s, with some notable cases involving fatal attacks off the coast of France. However, these are exceptions to the general behavior of angel sharks.

It is imperative for divers and marine professionals to exercise caution and responsible practice in order to ensure everyone's safety. Diving in areas known to harbor angel sharks requires careful attention to behavior patterns and understanding the environment.

The Importance of Safety and Education

To minimize the risk of incidents with angel sharks, it is crucial for divers to follow certain guidelines and procedures. First and foremost, divers should avoid sudden movements that may trigger the shark's natural predatory response. Diving in large groups where divers can look out for each other also plays a vital role in enhancing overall safety. Furthermore, always respect the marine environment and avoid disturbing the natural behavior of these animals.

Education and awareness play a significant role in preventing encounters that could lead to conflict. Educational programs and accessibility of information about shark behavior should be promoted to help divers understand the marine ecosystem and prepare for interactions with angel sharks and other marine life.

Conclusion

While angel sharks may exhibit aggressive behavior during feeding, they are, by nature, not prone to attacking humans. Diving with these fascinating creatures can be a rewarding experience, as I learned during my encounter in Biarritz. However, understanding their behavior and being prepared for potential encounters is crucial for safe and responsible diving practices.

Through continued research, educational efforts, and responsible interactions with angel sharks, we can ensure the safety of both divers and marine ecosystems, fostering a harmonious relationship between humans and these beautiful creatures of the sea.